A Contextual Model for Enhancing the Effectiveness of Nigeria’s Digital Diplomacy in Achieving Foreign Policy Objectives

Abstract

Nigeria’s foreign policy increasingly relies on digital engagement to strengthen its global presence. However, persistent challenges such as inadequate digital infrastructure, cybersecurity vulnerabilities, and low digital literacy hinder effective digital diplomacy. This paper aims to develop a conceptual and context-specific model to enhance Nigeria’s digital diplomacy for improved foreign policy implementation. Drawing from Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Constructivist Theory, the study integrates theoretical insights with contextual realities to design a framework that links digital tools, strategic techniques, and intended foreign policy outcomes. The proposed model emphasises coordination among state and non-state actors, capacity building, and the secure deployment of digital technologies. Findings reveal that when effectively implemented, the model can bridge existing theoretical and practical gaps, strengthen Nigeria’s diplomatic influence, and enhance its participation in global governance. The study’s implications extend to policy formulation, institutional reforms, and the strategic use of ICTs in achieving Nigeria’s foreign policy goals.