Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies

Corporate Governance and Banks’ Capital Adequacy in Gambia: The Moderating Impact of Politics

2023-05-17T02:28:45+00:00

Bank failures and banking crises create fears and anxieties in various stakeholders; and some of remote causes of bank failures across the globe are weak/poor corporate governance structures and practices, credit risk; government recapitalization regulation; corruption and embezzlement of banks’ assets; and weak legal/regulatory and political institutions. Undercapitalization is a symptom of banks’ capital inadequacy to withstand financial shock. Anchored on stakeholder-institutional theory; and secondary data, and general linear model, this study investigated the moderating impact of politics on the relationship between board effectiveness, management efficiency and capital adequacy of Gambia’s banking sector while controlling for financial leverage. The studied established that: the interaction of political stability and board effectiveness in risk management has significant negative effect on banks’ capital adequacy in Gambia; the interaction of political stability and management efficiency in profit maximization has significant positive effect on banks’ capital adequacy in Gambia; financial leverage has significant positive effect on banks’ capital adequacy in Gambia; board effectiveness in risk management has significant positive effect on banks’ capital adequacy in Gambia; and management efficiency in profit maximization has significant negative effect on banks’ capital adequacy in Gambia. The relevance of the joint stakeholder-institutional theory was established in this study. The work recommends that all political stakeholders in Gambia should strive to stabilize the country’s political system, and that the board of directors of banks in Gambia should ensure that their management teams apply prudent and best banking practices in declaring profit. This is because a positive profit should increase the capital adequacy of banks in a normal situation.

Fama and French (2015) five-factor model using SEM with a Mediating Role of Liquidity: Evidence from Pakistan

2023-04-01T16:47:03+00:00

Liquidity is one of the intricate phenomena that cannot be assessed in a single dimension due to its multidimensional structure, which is still contentious among researchers and must be explored from several perspectives. This study thus analyses the multidimensional liquidity as mediating variable to empirically investigate whether liquidity influence the nexus between risk-premiums and portfolio stock returns using Structural Equation Modeling. Using liquidity as factor is employed using time-series OLS regression technique. The sample used in this study comprised of monthly returns of 286 non-financial firms enlisted on PSX for time span from January 2006 through June 2022. The findings of the study reveal that liquidity as mediating variable performs statistically highly significant while as independent risk-factor also performs statistically highly significant using Fama and French (2015) five-factor model. The market risk-premium exhibits statistically insignificant results for PSX while size, profitability and investment also show significant findings in the market. The potential investors and portfolio managers need to consider liquidity as benchmark criteria prior to make decision regarding investing in PSX.

How do Student Leaders in a Teachers’ College Cope with Stress?

2023-10-06T08:37:52+00:00

As stress becomes disturbingly high among college students, it becomes one of the common problems that is brought about by their demanding schedules. This qualitative-descriptive research aims to describe how student leaders in a Teachers' College cope with stress. Eight (8) student leaders were identified using purposeful sampling. A duly-validated semi-structured interview guide was used to gather data through online-in depth interviews. Three (3) significant themes and thirteen (13) meaningful categories emerged after using a thematic approach to analyze the data, namely: (1) stressors (organizational, academic, mental, financial, and academic-related support); (2) effects of stress (emotional, physical, and academic); and, (4) coping strategies (emotional support, spiritual coping, goal setting, physical care, and recreational coping). As student leaders balance both academic and leadership roles, they have to skillfully manage stress through their effective coping strategies.

Financial Inclusion And Economic Growth In Nigeria

2023-10-08T04:10:23+00:00

Financial inclusion signifies the practice of granting access to financial services and credit to families, enterprises, and administrations at reasonable prices. It encompasses measures designed to augment the utilization of official financial offerings within the economic framework. This research employed an ex-post facto study design to evaluate data on elements like banking penetration, usage of financial services, and access to financial services, concerning GDP growth. Relationships and interactions among these factors were scrutinized using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL), which displayed strong explanatory capabilities and statistical validity. The research revealed that, without inputs from access to financial services, the usage of financial services, and banking penetration, the self-sustaining gross domestic product (GDP) is negative and statistically noteworthy. Over the short term, a negative link is observed between GDP and access to financial services (AFS); however, in the long term, AFS manifests a positive correlation with real GDP (RGDP). The usage of financial services (UFS) demonstrates a favorable relationship with GDP, accentuating the necessity of bolstering financial literacy and inspiring individuals and enterprises to effectively make use of financial services. The existing phase of banking penetration (BP) exerts a negligible impact on economic growth, but it is vital for policymakers to persistently observe and evaluate its long-term influence. Upholding a facilitative regulatory setting and stimulating rivalry within the banking sector are essential for enduring economic development. The regression analysis furnishes policy suggestions aimed at amplifying access to finance, boosting financial literacy, and confronting issues related to banking penetration. By tackling constraints that limit access to finance, upgrading infrastructure, and diminishing entry obstacles, sustainable economic growth can be achieved. Advocating for financial literacy and encouraging the adoption of financial services have the potential to elevate economic activities and spur GDP growth. Even though the current influence of banking penetration is not significant, it remains crucial for policymakers to keep track of and analyze its future implications.

Battle of the Gr8’s: A Game-Based Strategy to improve academic writing skills of Grade 8 Learners

2023-07-28T19:21:26+00:00

This classroom action with the goal of overcoming the students' academic writing challenges by enhancing the students' mechanics, organization, grammar, style, and composition determined the effectiveness of the researcher-made game-based strategy as an intervention on enhancing the academic writing skills of selected Grade 8 students in English at Goldenville School of Montessori Inc. for the school year 2022-2023. To determine the academic writing skills of the participants of the study before the intervention, pre-writing that requires students to compose a narrative essay on a specific topic has been administered. The students identified with difficulties were subjected for the intervention. The researchers held post-writing activities that determined the effectiveness of the game-based strategy in their academic writing performance in English. With a Purposive sampling method as the sampling technique to identify the ideal participants of the data gathering procedure, the researchers found several results after the implementation of the proposed intervention, specifically the significant difference between the scores of the respondents in the pre-writing and post-writing using the five-week intervention plan for Grade 8 students. Further analysis pondered that there was a significant difference in the academic performance between the pre-test and post-test scores of the Grade 8 students in terms of the game-based strategy in improving the academic writing skills of those students. Through the implications, the recommendations: conduct similar studies for Grade to Grade 10, implement this similar intervention to all quarters/grading periods and use differentiated instructional materials to make the game livelier and to catch the attention of the students.

Challenges and Coping Strategies of Campus Advising in the Post-Pandemic

2023-11-07T13:52:51+00:00

Student organizations have a significant role in preparing students for real-world experiences. However, due to the effects of COVID-19 on various institutions, including schools, students, especially campus advisers, have faced challenges and opportunities in facilitating these organizations. This study used qualitative descriptive research design to describe the challenges and coping strategies of campus advisers in advising student organizations in the post-pandemic. Using criteria, five campus advisers from different organizations at the college were selected. The semi-structured instrument guide constructed by the researchers was utilized to gather data. Informants were personally provided with a printed interview questionnaire to serve as a guide during the interviews. Smartphones and audio-voice recording were utilized to accurately capture informants’ responses. Thematic data analysis was conducted on the collected data. The results included two significant themes such as challenges and coping strategies. Further, seven meaningful categories emerged from the analyzed data. The findings revealed that campus advisers before, during and after the pandemic encountered challenges such as competing priorities, resource constraints, pandemic induced issues and administrative and logistical challenges. Regardless, coping strategies were used including self-management, social support and adaptive coping. Despite the promising career prospects and opportunities in advising, advisers face significant challenges that impact their well-being. Yet, they employ diverse strategies to overcome these obstacles as resilient individuals.