Global Sustainability Research

Appraising the Impact of Rule of Law, Control of Corruption, and Govt. Effectiveness on Inflation: An Empirical Case of Bangladesh

G.M. Ikramul Kabir, Maisha Fairuj, Sidratul Montaha, Md. Minhaz Uddin — Mon, 27 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study is an effective initiative to find out the impact of noneconomic determinants as well as the importance of noneconomic determinants on inflation in Bangladesh. Time series data was used from 1996 to 2020. The unit root test, on the other hand, indicates that the stationary at the first difference of all variables indicates I(1). Cointegration results ensure long-run associations among variables. The econometric methods apply the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) technique for measuring the importance of noneconomic determinants for controlling inflation. Findings show the importance of noneconomic determinants to controlling inflation, where the controls of corruption, the rule of law, and government effectiveness have influenced the reduction of inflation in Bangladesh. It should be focused on improving the quality of noneconomic performances and emphasizing the significance of those factors through the implications of rules and regulations, digitalization, and ensuring open-door services and accessible information for all consumers of goods and services. Further study may consider the other noneconomic as well as macroeconomic determinants that have a large contribution to determining inflation in Bangladesh.

Knowledge, perceptions and attitude towards open defecation and its health implications among residents in Ussa Local government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria

Mon, 20 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and Objective: Open defecation is the human practice of defecating in the environment rather than into a toilet. Open defecation is a public health menace and causes health problems such as diarrheoa, typhoid, cholera, etc., in areas where people defecate places other than toilets or latrines. This study was aimed at determining the knowledge, perception and practice of open defecation among residents in Ussa Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted and used for this study. Data were generated using a semi-structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Data generated were collated, synthesized and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The results obtained in this study showed that 260 (67.7%) had good knowledge of open defecation while 124 (32.3%) recorded poor knowledge. Most respondents 202 (53.6%) demonstrated positive perception about open defecation while 182 (46.4%) exhibited negative perception. Over two-third of the respondents 302 (78.6%) respondents indicated that they have defecated at least once in open space and only 110 (28.6%) have access to a toilet facility. Perceived health problems associated with open defecation practice as indicated by the respondents were mainly; malaria 341 (88.8%), typhoid 221 (57.6%) and cholera 210 (54.7%). It was also observed that 274 (71.4%) households do not have a toilet facility, 200 (69.0%) lack access to improved source of water supply, 356 (92.7%) household lack a drainage system, 308 (80.2%) had bushes around their surroundings, 256 (66.7%) had odour of excreta in the surrounding and 239 (62.2%) lack a proper waste storage facility and exhibit poor waste disposal. Conclusion: Findings in this study showed that respondents had good knowledge and exhibited positive perception about open defecation, but majority of the proportion confirmed to have defecated in open fields.

Productive Safety Net Program Determinants and their Impact on Rural Household Food Security in Somali Regional State: The Case of Kebri Dehar District) Ethiopia

Abdi Hassen Habib, Mohamed Abdirizak Haji, Abdukerim Ahmed Mumed — Mon, 20 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study looked specifically at household food security, factors influencing people's decisions to participate in productive safety net programs, and the impact of production safety net programs on rural household food security, as measured by calorie intake. Primary data were collected from 334 households in four kebeles samples in Kebri Dehar, the district, using a multistage sampling technique. A binary logit model and a propensity score matching model were used to investigate the factors influencing the decision to participate and their impact on food security, respectively. The age of the household head and the size of the family have a positive effect on the decision to join the household. However, extended contact and distance from the property market had a negative impact on the decision to join. In this study, the nearest neighbor match method (5) was used to estimate the mean treatment effect for those treated. The propensity score matching results also show that the production safety net program has a positive and significant impact on household food security. Households participating in the production safety net program have 214.5 kcal/adult/day more than households not participating. The study concluded that there was a significant difference in household calorie intake between participants and nonparticipants.

Effect of Road Rehabilitation on Housing Renovation in Calabar South Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria

Ezekiel James Bassey, Salvation Eteng, Ndifreke Moses Etim — Tue, 21 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Infrastructure provision has been identified as a potent tool for the improvement of neighborhoods globally. One such infrastructure is a good road network. Road rehabilitation, therefore, has the capability of promoting land use development and housing development/renovation. Despite the obvious effect that road rehabilitation has on predicting property development and renovation, there appears to be a paucity of studies as it relates to Calabar South Local Government Area where road several roads have been rehabilitated. It is against this backdrop that this study was conceived. The study, therefore, analysed the relationship that exists between road rehabilitation and housing renovation in Calabar South Local Government Area between 2002 and 2021. Six residential neighbourhoods were randomly sampled. Furthermore, a total of 399 copies of the questionnaire were distributed and 389 copies were retrieved and used for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and simple percentages were used in carrying out the analysis. It was noted that road rehabilitation drastically triggered the renovation of properties in the study area. For instance, there was an increase in the extent to which housing units were fenced, painted among other renovation exercises in housing units before and after the rehabilitation of the roads.

Porous Morphology Eco-Efficiency Design Process of a Selected Masterpiece Building and its prospects on the Environment

Thu, 23 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The characteristic of urbanization, modernization and it effect on the environment has become a disastrous event especially towards the beginning of 20^th Century (C). Researches have shown an excessive exploitation of minerals both on and beneath the earth crust were consume every year for the purpose of construction alone. Thus, not only decrease in volume of earth materials but also the impact on environmental thus need attentions. This study observes that the conversion of material; exploitation; energy used during construction; energy associated with heating; cooling; lighting and ventilating commercial buildings have potential consequence on the environment. A selected study of masterpiece building with philosophy of porous structure, which certified Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) in Nigeria, was reviewed. Finding indicate that conceptual design from the school of thought help in setting reasonable objectives at the designing process stage. Also, energy efficient building will reduce wastage of earth materials with alternate source of natural energy, application of natural element other than artificial during building construction and occupancy stage are mitigation strategies to negate aforementioned effect on the environment. Conceptual frameworks with composite notions from various domains were explored to include concept of porosity from medicine among others was utilized, acceptable for maximum lighting, cross ventilation and circulations. Hence, energy efficiency was achieved which is friendly to the environment.

The Path to Climate Sustainability: A Review of IPCC 2022

KOWSER ALI JAN, Asif Ali Rather, R. Balaji — Wed, 22 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Working Group II of the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report focuses on climate change impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability in the context of sustainable development. This IPCC evaluates climate model simulations from CMIP5 and CMIP6 of the World Climate Research Programme. Depending on global warming levels after 2040, climate change will threaten natural and human systems. Mid- and long-term consequences are several times higher for 127 identified major hazards. Climate change is having increasingly dire, interconnected, and often irreversible effects on ecosystems, biodiversity, and human systems, and risk provides a framework for comprehending these effects and for devising strategies to prevent unfavourable outcomes for present and future generations. As climate change implications and actions are enacted, more is known about how they affect justice and socioeconomic advancement. AR6 emphasises change and quick climate action to achieve such goals.